IN VITRO ANTI HAEMOLYTIC, ANTI BACTERIAL AND PHYTO CONSTITUENTS INVESTIGATION OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA METHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT

The bitter plant Andrographis paniculata has been selected to evaluate the anti haemolytic activity, antibacterial activity, and various phytochemicals present in the methanolic leaf extract. The leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata shown to have significant anti-haemolytic activity. The extract showed anti-haemolytic activity in the range from 42% to 80%. At varying concentration of plant extracts 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/ml the percent of inhibition of haemolysis recorded were 42%, 56%, 62%, 70%, 80% respectively. The methanolic leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata showed significant inhibitory effect on all of the five bacterial species such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptococcus mutans. The inhibition zones for S. aureus were 12 mm, 14 mm and 19 mm (including well 4 mm) at concentrations of 15 µl, 20 µl, and 25 µl respectively. The inhibition zones P. aeruginosa were 11 mm, 13 mm and 20 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm and 15 mm for Streptococcus mutans. The zones for E. coli were 15 mm, 16 mm and 18 mm and 12 mm, 13 mm and 19 mm for Bacillus subtilis. The phytochemical investigation of methanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata leaves showed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenols, and saponins.